المستقبل القريب
التكوين
عندما نتحدث عن المستقبل القريب، يُمْكِننا استخدام التركيب التالي الذي يتكون من ثلاثة أجزاء:
صيغة المضارع من الفعل to be وتصريفه حسب الفاعل + about + مصدر الفعل مسبوقًا بـ to
| الفاعل | + to be | + about (or just about) | + مصدر الفعل |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | about | to be sick |
| They | are | about | to arrive. |
| It | is | just about | to explode. |
المستقبل القريب: To leave كمثال
| الإثبات | النفي | الاستفهام | الاستفهام المنفي |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am about to leave. | I am not about to leave. | Am I about to leave? | Am I not about to leave? |
| You are about to leave. | You are not about to leave. | Are you about to leave? | Aren't you about to leave? |
| He is about to leave. | He is not about to leave. | Is he about to leave? | Isn't he about to leave? |
| We are about to leave. | We aren't about to leave. | Are we about to leave? | Aren't we about to leave? |
| They are about to leave. | They aren't about to leave. | Are they about to leave? | Aren't they about to leave? |
الاستخدام
يُسْتَخْدَم هذا التركيب للإشارة إلى وقت لاحق مباشرة للحظة الكلام، للدلالة على أن حَدَثْ أو فِعْل ما على وشك الحدوث. غالبًا ما يتم إضافة just قبل كلمة about لتأكيد فورية وقوع الحَدَث.
أمثلة
- She is about to cry.
- You are about to see something very unusual.
- I am about to go to a meeting.
- We are just about to go inside.
- Sally is just about to jump off that diving board.
يُمْكشن استخدام هذا التركيب أيضًا مع الماضي البسيط للفعل to be بدلًا من المضارع البسيط للإشارة إلى أن حدث ما كان على وشك الحدوث لكن قَطَعَه حدث آخر. غالبًا ما يُتِبَع هذا التركيب بجملة تبدأ بـ when.
أمثلة
- She was about to leave when Jim arrived.
- When it started to rain, I was about to go out for a walk.
- I was just about to call her when she walked in.
- The car was just about to flip over when he regained control.